Vietnam is one of six countries (Bangladesh, Vietnam, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines) that provide black tiger shrimp products to the world market.
Sustainable solution
Black tiger shrimp products are always favored in the world, especially Vietnam, which has large markets such as China, Japan, America, Australia, Dubai and Singapore ... has been stable for decades. In particular, the eco-certification systems associated with mangroves such as ASC, Naturland, Bio Suisse, Selva Shrimp are favored and have 20-30% higher export prices than conventional shrimp.
Currently, the area of shrimp-forest in the Mekong Delta is about 200,000 ha, the most of which are improved extensive farming, rice-shrimp, semi-intensive and intensive farming. The provinces of Ca Mau and Bac Lieu have surveyed and mapped resources to provide data on shrimp-forest areas (forested and non-forested areas to develop shrimp farming with afforestation, exclusion of special-use forests and forest stands other).
In Ca Mau, there are about 82,000 ha (42,500 ha of forest and 39,500 ha of aquaculture) concentrated mainly in Ngoc Hien district 22,875 ha, Nam Can 7,625 ha and Phu Tan, Dam Doi each district 4,000-5,000 ha; Bac Lieu province has the area outside the protective dyke is 3,147 ha, inside the dyke is 3,379 ha. And Bac Lieu province has a water surface area for shrimp farming 6,526 ha (the area outside the protective dyke is 3,147 ha, in the dyke is 3,379 ha).
Mr. Le Van Su, Vice Chairman of the People's Committee of Ca Mau province said: “The proportion of agriculture in Ca Mau accounts for about 30% of the whole country. In which, the shrimp industry plays a very important role in the locality. The form of shrimp farming in Ca Mau is very diverse, with many types of farming such as specialized shrimp farming, shrimp-rice rotation, shrimp-forest intercropping ...
Accordingly, in recent years, the province has paid attention to shrimp farming - forests meeting international certified quality for 19,000 hectares with more than 4,200 households, striving to 2020, building certification for all. Local area of shrimp - forest is 30,000 ha. ”.
Shrimp-forest products are proving their potential advantages in the context of climate change and rising sea levels. If the sea level rises 100 cm, Ca Mau province has 57.7% of the flooded area (the most severe is Tran Van Thoi, 90.02%, and Cai Nuoc 87.62%). And Bac Lieu province has 48.6% of the flooded area (the most are Hong Dan district 90.78%, Phuoc Long 73.45%). The internationally certified black tiger shrimp products associated with mangroves are increasingly popular in the market amid the increasing demand for organic farming products.
Moreover, shrimp-forest is a method of shrimp farming associated with forest protection and mangrove planting, paying attention to green carbon source growth in line with development trends in the world. As the shrimp-forest scale-up with positive changes such as ensuring a forest ratio of at least 60% to 40% of water surface for shrimp farming, the area of mangroves has increased.
Need to promote comprehensively strengths
In 2017, Minh Phu Seafood Corporation established Minh Phu Forest Shrimp Chain Social Joint Stock Company operating under the social enterprise model (referred to as Minh Phu Social Enterprise), with the goal and orientation of operation is for the society. and the environment - for the shrimp farming community. Since then, the traditional model of forest shrimp farming has been improved: Increasing shrimp productivity, creating a stable raw material farming area, increasing the value of farmed shrimp through international multi-certification.
Most importantly, it is to steadily increase income for shrimp - forest farmers through 'payment of forest environmental services' and 'value-added' payment from the value of ecologically certified shrimp. . Up to now, in addition to the 5 founding shareholders, Minh Phu Social Enterprises has selected 84 more households at the But Mien Protection Forest Management Board (Ngoc Hien district, Ca Mau) as a shareholder with 48,640 shares (10 thousand VND / share). , with farming area of 486.4 ha.
Mr. To Hoai Niem, an organic shrimp farmer living in Vien An commune, Ngoc Hien district, said: “Certified organic farming area is a good condition for Ngoc Hien to have a source of clean raw shrimp, the joy of farmers still have certain concerns and worries, due to the uncertain market prices, although the quality standard organic shrimp is more appreciated than the normal shrimp ... "
According to Mr. Niem, organic shrimp is currently purchased by traders at a higher price than the market price (15 - 20%). Because in the past, when applying this farming model, some businesses committed to buy at a higher price and got a few thousand dong per kilogram. I hope that the locality should have a mechanism to protect the brand of organic shrimp, the price must be 15-20 thousand VND / kg higher than the normal shrimp price ", Mr. Niem suggested.
According to the reporter of the NNVN newspaper, at present, households that follow the organic shrimp farming model according to clean shrimp standards still enjoy certain benefits. The organic shrimp products are sold by Minh Phu Fisheries Company at a price higher than the market price of about 3 thousand VND / kg, for shrimp of 20 pieces / kg. In addition, households, when certified for the area of eco-farming, are supported by Minh Phu Company with seedlings, on average 1ha of support is equivalent to about 1 million VND.
Many organic shrimp farmers still have many concerns. In terms of price, organic shrimp is still low compared to the effort spent by farmers. According to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ngoc Hien district, currently organic shrimp are purchased by Minh Phu Fishery Company with prices ranging from 280-300 thousand VND / kg (depending on time, size). Currently, this price is still low, if it is higher, the farmers will be very excited, the district's ecological farming model will be promoted, the organic shrimp will be exported to difficult markets.
It is known that since implementing the model of organic shrimp farming in Ngoc Hien district, local farmers have a very high consensus. Ngoc Hien district's goal is to soon become a source of organic shrimp, meeting the key clean shrimp standards of Ca Mau province.
Previously, in 2018, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development approved the Project to build a model of semi-intensive black tiger shrimp farming, ensuring food safety. The goal of the project is to develop a model of sustainable black tiger shrimp farming without the abuse of antibiotics, ensuring food safety, linking producers and businesses, improving economic efficiency and product value.
According to the project, 24 models of semi-intensive black tiger shrimp farming to ensure food safety, with a scale of 5 ha / model meeting the technical criteria: productivity in lowland areas over 1 ton / ha, mid and high tide. productivity is over 2 tons / ha; harvest size reaches 40 heads / kg; survival rates above 60%. The farming process towards the application of new technical advances to ensure food safety ...
According to the Directorate of Fisheries, Vietnam is maintaining its strength in developing black tiger shrimp, especially we have the advantage of certified organic tiger shrimp, organic tiger shrimp has a position in the market. Recently, in the market orientation of the shrimp industry, in addition to whiteleg shrimp farming that applies intensive farming, super-intensive farming, organic tiger shrimp, shrimp - forest, shrimp - rice and extensive shrimp farming are like that. strength of the shrimp industry.
